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Active substance

Ceftriaxone

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3rd generation cephalosporin. Registered in Georgia: 4 human medicines. Forms: powder.

Dose and use

Doses

Each dose comes with its source. Check the label of the product you use.

Active substance Ceftriaxone
Dose calculatorCalculates the active-substance amount; it is not a prescription.
PatientSpecies and weight will be filled in automatically in other calculators.
Selected dose
Dose Species Indication Route Frequency Source
50 mg/kg
off-label
 Dog Bacterial Infection Intravenous / Intramuscular / Subcutaneous every 12-24 hours
Rebuelto et al. 2002
Scientific article
A study or review published in a scientific journal. Its findings apply to the animals and conditions it studied.
Pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone administered by the intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous routes to dogs
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2002
25 mg/kg
off-label
 Cat Bacterial Infection Intravenous / Intramuscular / Subcutaneous 2 times daily
Albarellos et al. 2007
Scientific article
A study or review published in a scientific journal. Its findings apply to the animals and conditions it studied.
Pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to domestic cats
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2007
Before use

Safety information

Known Contraindications

  • Critical
    Never reconstitute or dilute ceftriaxone with a calcium-containing fluid such as Ringer's or Hartmann's solution: a ceftriaxone-calcium precipitate can form. For the same reason, do not run ceftriaxone and a calcium-containing fluid through the same IV line at the same time.
    Source: EMA Sources: FDA · EMA · ISCAID · MSD Vet Manual
  • Critical
    Do not use ceftriaxone in a patient with known hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, its excipients, or another cephalosporin. If anaemia develops during treatment, consider cephalosporin-associated immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia and stop ceftriaxone until the cause is determined. A positive Coombs test may occur. These warnings are based on human data.
    Sources: FDA
  • Critical
    The diluent determines the permitted route. Ceftriaxone reconstituted with 0.9% sodium chloride or water for injection may be given IV or IM. A lidocaine-reconstituted solution is IM only and must never be given IV because inadvertent IV lidocaine can cause arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and seizures.
  • Warning
    ceftriaxone should be considered only for the treatment of clinical conditions when there are no alternative antibiotics in Categories C or D that could be clinically effective
    Source: EMA Sources: VMD · FDA · EMA · EU UPD · MSD Vet Manual
  • Warning
    Use ceftriaxone cautiously when significant renal disease and hepatic dysfunction coexist; no veterinary-equivalent maximum dose has been established. Ceftriaxone-calcium precipitates can cause reversible biliary pseudolithiasis and, rarely, pancreatitis secondary to biliary obstruction. These warnings are based on human data; corresponding evidence in dogs and cats is lacking.
    Sources: FDA
  • Warning
    Safety in pregnant dogs and cats has not been evaluated and no species-specific data exist. Favourable laboratory-animal data do not establish safety in the target species.
    Sources: FDA
  • Warning
    No lactation data are available in dogs or cats. Small concentrations enter human milk, so caution is warranted; no target-species assessment has been performed.
    Sources: FDA
  • Warning
    Neonatal use is contraindicated only in three specific situations: prematurity before 41 weeks postmenstrual age, hyperbilirubinaemia, or age 28 days or younger when calcium-containing IV therapy is required or expected. These criteria come from human neonatology and are an extrapolation for puppies and kittens.
    Sources: FDA

Known Drug Interactions

  • Major warning Furosemide + Ceftriaxone
    Concomitant use with aminoglycosides or cephalosporins may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
    Recommendation: Monitor renal parameters and hydration. Avoid the combination in a dehydrated patient.
    Sources: VMD SPC · VMD
  • Major warning Oxytetracycline + Ceftriaxone
    Do not give oxytetracycline at the same time as bactericidal antimicrobials such as penicillins or cephalosporins because their antibacterial effects may be antagonistic.
    Recommendation: Do not administer concurrently.
Latin name
Ceftriaxone
Georgian name
ცეფტრიაქსონი
Authorisation status
Human medicine, cascade use
No veterinary authorisation was found in any register checked. Veterinary use is off-label, under the prescribing cascade.
Registered in Georgia
4 of 4 forms
Products
Cefamed, Ceftriaxon ABC, PEO Ceftriaxone, Rocephin
Human medicines in Georgia
Avexon, Belacef, Bestfor, Bixon, Cefamed, Cefaxoline, Cefaxone, Cefort, Cefta, Desefin, EQiCEFT, Iesef, Medaxone, Newceph Npg, Newceph-NP, Onceft, Onecef, Pantoxon, Peo, PEO with Lidocaine, Portocef, Ratiocef, Rezaxon, Rocephin, Rotacef, Sefabel, Tercef, Veracol
Human medicines with this substance in the Georgian register of medicines (Ministry of Health), checked on 18 Oct 2026. They are human medicines, not veterinary products; strengths and forms differ.
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
All forms and registration4

Registration in Georgia and abroad: the register, number, validity and source are behind (i).

Cefamed 1 g, Powder

powder for solution for injection with lidocaine diluent, human medicine
vetman assessment
vetman’s 10-point assessment brings together a product’s regulatory credibility, clinical efficacy, safety and practicality. Cost-effectiveness is assessed only when reliable data are available. It is informational and does not replace a veterinarian’s clinical judgment for an individual patient.
Dog Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
4.4/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Cefamed

1 g, powder for solution for injection with lidocaine diluent, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeDog · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · Intramuscular
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 4.4/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-042918, რ-043808 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

An identifiable, locally registered human IM kit with plausible activity against susceptible infection, but no veterinary outcome trial and an added lidocaine safety constraint. Reserve for culture-supported serious infection when safer authorised options are unsuitable; calculate total lidocaine exposure and never administer the lidocaine solution IV.

Regulatory and scientific credibility3.5/10

The exact human Cefamed presentation is currently registered in Georgia, including a lidocaine diluent, but no exact EU/EEA, GB or US registration and no veterinary authorisation were found in the checked registers. Veterinary evidence does not study this exact kit, so regulatory and scientific credibility remains weak.

Clinical efficacy4.0/10

A six-dog crossover study describes single-dose IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and suggests once- or twice-daily exposure for many susceptible infections, but it did not test clinical cure, contemporary resistance or individual infection sites. The 2026 systematic review confirms a broad animal PK literature while identifying inconsistent reporting; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope therefore remains weak.

Safety and tolerability5.0/10

Ceftriaxone beta-lactam risks are well characterised in human labelling, but dog safety data are sparse and the supplied lidocaine diluent adds dose-dependent neurologic and cardiovascular risk. The solution must remain IM only, with the total lidocaine exposure calculated from the exact diluent and patient rather than assumed safe from the kit.

Clinical practicality5.5/10

The kit reduces IM injection pain but is IM only. Each dose requires aseptic reconstitution, accurate ceftriaxone and lidocaine volume calculation, screening for local-anaesthetic contraindications and repeated clinic administration; unused reconstituted solution and variable patient size can create waste.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • The supplied lidocaine diluent is for IM administration only. Never give a lidocaine-containing ceftriaxone solution IV. Verify the lidocaine concentration, calculate the total mg/kg exposure, include every concurrent local anaesthetic and exclude relevant cardiac, neurologic or hepatic risk before use.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • This exact kit is IM only. Reconstitute solely with the intended lidocaine diluent when clinically appropriate, calculate both ceftriaxone and lidocaine doses from the final concentration, use aseptic technique and do not repurpose the solution for IV or SC administration.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Rebuelto et al. 20022002
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Cat Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
4.0/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Cefamed

1 g, powder for solution for injection with lidocaine diluent, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeCat · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · Intramuscular
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 4.0/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-042918, რ-043808 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

An identifiable, locally registered human IM kit, but a weak veterinary choice: efficacy rests on tiny old PK data and the lidocaine diluent creates a material dose-calculation and toxicity constraint in cats. Reserve for a culture-supported serious infection when safer authorised options are unsuitable; never administer the lidocaine solution IV.

Regulatory and scientific credibility3.5/10

The exact human Cefamed presentation is currently registered in Georgia, including a lidocaine diluent, but no exact EU/EEA, GB or US registration and no veterinary authorisation were found in the checked registers. Veterinary evidence does not study this exact kit, so regulatory and scientific credibility remains weak.

Clinical efficacy3.5/10

A five-cat single-dose study describes IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and calculated time above MIC for selected isolates, but it did not test clinical cure and cannot establish performance across infection sites or current resistance patterns. The 2026 systematic review highlights reporting limitations across animal PK studies; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope remains weak.

Safety and tolerability4.5/10

Feline ceftriaxone safety data are sparse and the supplied lidocaine diluent adds a narrow, dose-dependent neurologic and cardiovascular risk in a small patient. The solution must remain IM only, and the exact lidocaine concentration, delivered volume, concurrent local anaesthetic exposure and patient factors require explicit calculation.

Clinical practicality5.0/10

The kit reduces IM injection pain but is IM only, and a 1 g vial with lidocaine is poorly scaled to many cats. Aseptic reconstitution, very accurate volume calculation, screening for local-anaesthetic contraindications and repeated clinic administration are required, with meaningful residual-vial waste.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • The supplied lidocaine diluent is for IM administration only. Never give a lidocaine-containing ceftriaxone solution IV. Verify the lidocaine concentration, calculate the total mg/kg exposure, include every concurrent local anaesthetic and exclude relevant cardiac, neurologic or hepatic risk before use.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • This exact kit is IM only. Reconstitute solely with the intended lidocaine diluent when clinically appropriate, calculate both ceftriaxone and lidocaine doses from the final concentration, use aseptic technique and do not repurpose the solution for IV or SC administration.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Albarellos et al. 20072007
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Composition / strength
Ceftriaxone1000 mg
Formulation Type
Powder
Administration route
Intramuscular
Manufacturer
World Medicine · Türkiye
Registration
Georgia Yes, human
In force until 07 Aug 2030
Human (Ministry of Health, RAMA)
№ რ-042918, რ-043808
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
 EU No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 UK No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 US No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026

Ceftriaxon ABC 1 g, Powder

powder for solution for injection, human medicine
vetman assessment
vetman’s 10-point assessment brings together a product’s regulatory credibility, clinical efficacy, safety and practicality. Cost-effectiveness is assessed only when reliable data are available. It is informational and does not replace a veterinarian’s clinical judgment for an individual patient.
Dog Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
4.8/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Ceftriaxon ABC

1 g, powder for solution for injection, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeDog · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · IV,IM,SC
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 4.8/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-040941 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

Off-label ceftriaxone can be a situational hospital option for a serious susceptible infection, but evidence in dogs is limited to old small PK work rather than clinical outcome trials. Use only with diagnostic and stewardship justification, an exact patient-specific regimen and active safety and response monitoring.

Regulatory and scientific credibility3.5/10

The exact human ABC presentation is currently registered in Georgia, but no exact EU/EEA, GB or US registration and no veterinary authorisation were found in the checked registers. Veterinary support is limited to ingredient-level, old small pharmacokinetic studies rather than this exact product.

Clinical efficacy4.0/10

A six-dog crossover study describes single-dose IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and suggests once- or twice-daily exposure for many susceptible infections, but it did not test clinical cure, contemporary resistance or individual infection sites. The 2026 systematic review confirms a broad animal PK literature while identifying inconsistent reporting; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope therefore remains weak.

Safety and tolerability6.0/10

Cephalosporins are often tolerated, and ceftriaxone has extensive human safety labelling, but direct canine safety evidence is limited. Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysbiosis, biliary or urinary precipitation, haematologic or neurologic effects and calcium incompatibility remain clinically important, especially with prolonged treatment or major renal and hepatic disease.

Clinical practicality6.5/10

A 1 g vial offers IV, IM and SC flexibility and can be workable in a hospitalised patient, but requires aseptic reconstitution, exact mg/kg and route-specific dilution, repeated parenteral access, compatibility checks, storage-time control and management of residual vial waste. These are routine clinical burdens, not an owner-convenience penalty.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • For IV use, do not reconstitute or mix ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer or Hartmann solution and do not run them simultaneously through the same line. Use a compatible diluent and flush the line appropriately between sequential solutions.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • Confirm the exact product instruction, compatible diluent, final concentration, route-specific administration, in-use stability and storage before preparation. Do not assume IV, IM and SC use share the same dilution or technique, and discard residual solution outside the validated in-use period.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Rebuelto et al. 20022002
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Cat Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
4.6/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Ceftriaxon ABC

1 g, powder for solution for injection, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeCat · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · IV,IM,SC
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 4.6/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-040941 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

Off-label ceftriaxone can be a situational hospital option for a serious susceptible infection, but evidence in cats is limited to a five-cat PK study rather than clinical outcome trials. Use only with diagnostic and stewardship justification, an exact patient-specific regimen and active safety and response monitoring.

Regulatory and scientific credibility3.5/10

The exact human ABC presentation is currently registered in Georgia, but no exact EU/EEA, GB or US registration and no veterinary authorisation were found in the checked registers. Veterinary support is limited to ingredient-level, old small pharmacokinetic studies rather than this exact product.

Clinical efficacy3.5/10

A five-cat single-dose study describes IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and calculated time above MIC for selected isolates, but it did not test clinical cure and cannot establish performance across infection sites or current resistance patterns. The 2026 systematic review highlights reporting limitations across animal PK studies; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope remains weak.

Safety and tolerability5.5/10

Cephalosporins are often tolerated, but direct feline ceftriaxone safety evidence is limited to very small studies. Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysbiosis, biliary or urinary precipitation, haematologic or neurologic effects and calcium incompatibility remain relevant; small size makes reconstitution and dosing errors consequential.

Clinical practicality6.5/10

A 1 g vial offers IV, IM and SC flexibility and can be workable in a hospitalised patient, but requires aseptic reconstitution, exact mg/kg and route-specific dilution, repeated parenteral access, compatibility checks, storage-time control and management of residual vial waste. These are routine clinical burdens, not an owner-convenience penalty.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • For IV use, do not reconstitute or mix ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer or Hartmann solution and do not run them simultaneously through the same line. Use a compatible diluent and flush the line appropriately between sequential solutions.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • Confirm the exact product instruction, compatible diluent, final concentration, route-specific administration, in-use stability and storage before preparation. Do not assume IV, IM and SC use share the same dilution or technique, and discard residual solution outside the validated in-use period.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Albarellos et al. 20072007
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Composition / strength
Ceftriaxone1000 mg
Formulation Type
Powder
Administration route
Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous
Manufacturer
ABC Farmaceutici · Italy
Registration
Georgia Yes, human
In force until 02 May 2029
Human (Ministry of Health, RAMA)
№ რ-040941
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
 EU No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 UK No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 US No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026

PEO Ceftriaxone 1 g, Powder

powder for solution for injection, human medicine
vetman assessment
vetman’s 10-point assessment brings together a product’s regulatory credibility, clinical efficacy, safety and practicality. Cost-effectiveness is assessed only when reliable data are available. It is informational and does not replace a veterinarian’s clinical judgment for an individual patient.
Dog Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
5.0/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

PEO Ceftriaxone

1 g, powder for solution for injection, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeDog · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · IV,IM,SC
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 5.0/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-045993, რ-045929 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

Off-label ceftriaxone can be a situational hospital option for a serious susceptible infection, but evidence in dogs is limited to old small PK work rather than clinical outcome trials. Use only with diagnostic and stewardship justification, an exact patient-specific regimen and active safety and response monitoring.

Regulatory and scientific credibility4.0/10

The exact Reig Jofre human presentation has current sourced Georgian, EU/EEA and GB registrations, but no veterinary authorisation or US registration. Its identity and legal status are transparent; veterinary support is nevertheless indirect and mainly old, small pharmacokinetic work, so the evidence gate caps this axis at 4.

Clinical efficacy4.0/10

A six-dog crossover study describes single-dose IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and suggests once- or twice-daily exposure for many susceptible infections, but it did not test clinical cure, contemporary resistance or individual infection sites. The 2026 systematic review confirms a broad animal PK literature while identifying inconsistent reporting; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope therefore remains weak.

Safety and tolerability6.0/10

Cephalosporins are often tolerated, and ceftriaxone has extensive human safety labelling, but direct canine safety evidence is limited. Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysbiosis, biliary or urinary precipitation, haematologic or neurologic effects and calcium incompatibility remain clinically important, especially with prolonged treatment or major renal and hepatic disease.

Clinical practicality6.5/10

A 1 g vial offers IV, IM and SC flexibility and can be workable in a hospitalised patient, but requires aseptic reconstitution, exact mg/kg and route-specific dilution, repeated parenteral access, compatibility checks, storage-time control and management of residual vial waste. These are routine clinical burdens, not an owner-convenience penalty.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • For IV use, do not reconstitute or mix ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer or Hartmann solution and do not run them simultaneously through the same line. Use a compatible diluent and flush the line appropriately between sequential solutions.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • Confirm the exact product instruction, compatible diluent, final concentration, route-specific administration, in-use stability and storage before preparation. Do not assume IV, IM and SC use share the same dilution or technique, and discard residual solution outside the validated in-use period.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Rebuelto et al. 20022002
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Cat Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
4.7/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

PEO Ceftriaxone

1 g, powder for solution for injection, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeCat · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · IV,IM,SC
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 4.7/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-045993, რ-045929 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

Off-label ceftriaxone can be a situational hospital option for a serious susceptible infection, but evidence in cats is limited to a five-cat PK study rather than clinical outcome trials. Use only with diagnostic and stewardship justification, an exact patient-specific regimen and active safety and response monitoring.

Regulatory and scientific credibility4.0/10

The exact Reig Jofre human presentation has current sourced Georgian, EU/EEA and GB registrations, but no veterinary authorisation or US registration. Its identity and legal status are transparent; veterinary support is nevertheless indirect and mainly old, small pharmacokinetic work, so the evidence gate caps this axis at 4.

Clinical efficacy3.5/10

A five-cat single-dose study describes IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and calculated time above MIC for selected isolates, but it did not test clinical cure and cannot establish performance across infection sites or current resistance patterns. The 2026 systematic review highlights reporting limitations across animal PK studies; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope remains weak.

Safety and tolerability5.5/10

Cephalosporins are often tolerated, but direct feline ceftriaxone safety evidence is limited to very small studies. Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysbiosis, biliary or urinary precipitation, haematologic or neurologic effects and calcium incompatibility remain relevant; small size makes reconstitution and dosing errors consequential.

Clinical practicality6.5/10

A 1 g vial offers IV, IM and SC flexibility and can be workable in a hospitalised patient, but requires aseptic reconstitution, exact mg/kg and route-specific dilution, repeated parenteral access, compatibility checks, storage-time control and management of residual vial waste. These are routine clinical burdens, not an owner-convenience penalty.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • For IV use, do not reconstitute or mix ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer or Hartmann solution and do not run them simultaneously through the same line. Use a compatible diluent and flush the line appropriately between sequential solutions.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • Confirm the exact product instruction, compatible diluent, final concentration, route-specific administration, in-use stability and storage before preparation. Do not assume IV, IM and SC use share the same dilution or technique, and discard residual solution outside the validated in-use period.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Albarellos et al. 20072007
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Composition / strength
Ceftriaxone1000 mg
Formulation Type
Powder
Administration route
Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous
Registration
Georgia Yes, human
In force until 24 Jul 2031
Human (Ministry of Health, RAMA)
№ რ-045993, რ-045929
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
 EU Yes, human
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 UK Yes, human
№ PL440950021, PL440950034
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 US No
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026

Rocephin 1 g, Powder

powder for solution for injection, human medicine
vetman assessment
vetman’s 10-point assessment brings together a product’s regulatory credibility, clinical efficacy, safety and practicality. Cost-effectiveness is assessed only when reliable data are available. It is informational and does not replace a veterinarian’s clinical judgment for an individual patient.
Dog Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
5.0/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Rocephin

1 g, powder for solution for injection, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeDog · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in dogs when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · IV,IM,SC
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 5.0/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-039783 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

Off-label ceftriaxone can be a situational hospital option for a serious susceptible infection, but evidence in dogs is limited to old small PK work rather than clinical outcome trials. Use only with diagnostic and stewardship justification, an exact patient-specific regimen and active safety and response monitoring.

Regulatory and scientific credibility4.0/10

The exact human Rocephin presentation has current sourced Georgian, EU/EEA and GB registrations and recorded US approvals, but no veterinary authorisation. Human labelling is transparent; for the assessed veterinary role, however, product-specific clinical evidence is absent and species evidence is mainly old, small pharmacokinetic work, so the evidence gate caps this axis at 4.

Clinical efficacy4.0/10

A six-dog crossover study describes single-dose IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and suggests once- or twice-daily exposure for many susceptible infections, but it did not test clinical cure, contemporary resistance or individual infection sites. The 2026 systematic review confirms a broad animal PK literature while identifying inconsistent reporting; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope therefore remains weak.

Safety and tolerability6.0/10

Cephalosporins are often tolerated, and ceftriaxone has extensive human safety labelling, but direct canine safety evidence is limited. Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysbiosis, biliary or urinary precipitation, haematologic or neurologic effects and calcium incompatibility remain clinically important, especially with prolonged treatment or major renal and hepatic disease.

Clinical practicality6.5/10

A 1 g vial offers IV, IM and SC flexibility and can be workable in a hospitalised patient, but requires aseptic reconstitution, exact mg/kg and route-specific dilution, repeated parenteral access, compatibility checks, storage-time control and management of residual vial waste. These are routine clinical burdens, not an owner-convenience penalty.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • For IV use, do not reconstitute or mix ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer or Hartmann solution and do not run them simultaneously through the same line. Use a compatible diluent and flush the line appropriately between sequential solutions.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • Confirm the exact product instruction, compatible diluent, final concentration, route-specific administration, in-use stability and storage before preparation. Do not assume IV, IM and SC use share the same dilution or technique, and discard residual solution outside the validated in-use period.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Rebuelto et al. 20022002
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Cat Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable
4.7/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Rocephin

1 g, powder for solution for injection, human medicine
Assessed clinical scopeCat · Off-label parenteral ceftriaxone for serious bacterial infection in cats when infection is proven or strongly suspected, susceptibility and site-specific PK support use, and a lower-tier authorised alternative is unsuitable · IV,IM,SC
Care settingVeterinary hospital or clinic use with diagnosis, culture and susceptibility whenever feasible, aseptic reconstitution, route-specific administration and response monitoring
vetman score 4.7/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Low Georgia: Yes, human · № რ-039783 · Verified on 15 Oct 2026 Off-label use

Off-label ceftriaxone can be a situational hospital option for a serious susceptible infection, but evidence in cats is limited to a five-cat PK study rather than clinical outcome trials. Use only with diagnostic and stewardship justification, an exact patient-specific regimen and active safety and response monitoring.

Regulatory and scientific credibility4.0/10

The exact human Rocephin presentation has current sourced Georgian, EU/EEA and GB registrations and recorded US approvals, but no veterinary authorisation. Human labelling is transparent; for the assessed veterinary role, however, product-specific clinical evidence is absent and species evidence is mainly old, small pharmacokinetic work, so the evidence gate caps this axis at 4.

Clinical efficacy3.5/10

A five-cat single-dose study describes IV, IM and SC pharmacokinetics and calculated time above MIC for selected isolates, but it did not test clinical cure and cannot establish performance across infection sites or current resistance patterns. The 2026 systematic review highlights reporting limitations across animal PK studies; efficacy for this exact product and broad clinical scope remains weak.

Safety and tolerability5.5/10

Cephalosporins are often tolerated, but direct feline ceftriaxone safety evidence is limited to very small studies. Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysbiosis, biliary or urinary precipitation, haematologic or neurologic effects and calcium incompatibility remain relevant; small size makes reconstitution and dosing errors consequential.

Clinical practicality6.5/10

A 1 g vial offers IV, IM and SC flexibility and can be workable in a hospitalised patient, but requires aseptic reconstitution, exact mg/kg and route-specific dilution, repeated parenteral access, compatibility checks, storage-time control and management of residual vial waste. These are routine clinical burdens, not an owner-convenience penalty.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • No assessed presentation is authorised for dogs or cats. Every veterinary use is off-label and requires an individual diagnosis, documented justification, informed prescribing and follow-up.
  • Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin in EMA AMEG Category B (Restrict). Reserve it for a serious infection when culture and susceptibility support use and an authorised lower-category antimicrobial is unlikely to be effective or suitable; do not use for convenience, routine prophylaxis or an unconfirmed infection.
  • Do not infer activity from the label “broad spectrum.” Ceftriaxone is unreliable against Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, many ESBL/AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas and many anaerobic infections; interpret the isolate, MIC or susceptibility report together with achievable exposure at the infection site.
  • Do not use after serious immediate hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or another cephalosporin. Review severe penicillin or other beta-lactam allergy, keep anaphylaxis treatment immediately available and stop at once if an acute reaction occurs.
  • For IV use, do not reconstitute or mix ceftriaxone with calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer or Hartmann solution and do not run them simultaneously through the same line. Use a compatible diluent and flush the line appropriately between sequential solutions.
  • Monitor clinical response and culture results, injection or catheter sites, gastrointestinal signs and superinfection. With repeated or high exposure, assess CBC, renal and hepatic variables and watch for biliary or urinary precipitation, coagulopathy and neurologic signs; reassess promptly if improvement is absent.
  • Safety is insufficiently defined in pregnancy, lactation, neonates and patients with major combined renal and hepatic disease. Individualise the regimen and monitoring; do not transfer human neonatal or organ-disease assumptions directly to a dog or cat.
  • Confirm the exact product instruction, compatible diluent, final concentration, route-specific administration, in-use stability and storage before preparation. Do not assume IV, IM and SC use share the same dilution or technique, and discard residual solution outside the validated in-use period.
Assessment sources
  1. Georgia human register2026
  2. FDA 20262026
  3. AAFP AAHA stewardship2022
  4. EMA AMEG category B2019
  5. MSD cephalosporins2026
  6. Animal ceftriaxone PK review2026
  7. Albarellos et al. 20072007
Assessed: 22 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Composition / strength
Ceftriaxone1000 mg
Formulation Type
Powder
Administration route
Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous
Manufacturer
Roche · Switzerland
Registration
Georgia Yes, human
In force until 17 Aug 2027
Human (Ministry of Health, RAMA)
№ რ-039783
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
 EU Yes, human
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 UK Yes, human
№ PL000310169, PL000310171, PL000310172
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
 US Discontinued
№ ANDA062510, ANDA062654, ANDA063239
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026

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