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Bromethalin (rodenticide)
bromethalin rat bait
A professional reference for veterinary specialists. It does not replace clinical judgement.
Species and toxic dose
| Species | Risk | Toxic dose |
|---|---|---|
| Dog | Toxic | LD50 2.4-5.6 mg/kg; minimum lethal dose 2.5 mg/kg. Decontamination is advised from 0.1 mg/kg. Scientific article A study or review published in a scientific journal. Its findings apply to the animals and conditions it studied. |
| Cat | Especially sensitive | LD50 0.4-0.7 mg/kg; minimum lethal dose 0.45 mg/kg. Decontamination is advised from 0.05 mg/kg. Scientific article A study or review published in a scientific journal. Its findings apply to the animals and conditions it studied. |
Toxic principle
Bromethalin and its metabolite desmethylbromethalin uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in the nervous system: myelin oedema and raised intracranial pressure. Fat-soluble, with a plasma half-life over 3-6 days.
Onset
From about 10 hours to several days; signs can last up to 12 days.
Clinical signs
Paralytic form (lower doses, typical in cats): ataxia, tremors, hind-limb paresis. Convulsant form (higher doses): seizures and rapid decline.
Organs affected
Central nervous system (brain, spinal cord, optic nerve).
Treatment principle (for veterinarians)
No antidote: emesis and activated charcoal (repeated after large exposures) are the only known way to prevent poisoning. Watch sodium, because charcoal-induced hypernatraemia can mimic bromethalin signs. Mannitol, corticosteroids and diuretics lower cerebrospinal pressure, but signs often return when they stop.
In the reference: Mannitol
A summary of the principles in the sources, not a protocol: doses and the plan are the treating veterinarian's decision.
Sources
Professional reference for veterinary professionals. Not advertising and not a substitute for the product label/SPC.
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