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Zinc phosphide (rodenticide)
phosphine-releasing bait
A professional reference for veterinary specialists. It does not replace clinical judgement.
Species and toxic dose
| Species | Risk | Toxic dose |
|---|---|---|
| Dog | Toxic | LD50 20-40 mg/kg of uncompounded bait. Scientific article A study or review published in a scientific journal. Its findings apply to the animals and conditions it studied. |
| Cat | Little data | Not established in the open sources |
Toxic principle
Releases phosphine gas on contact with water or acid; stomach acid after a meal speeds this up. Phosphine disrupts oxidative phosphorylation and damages mitochondria; the gut is corroded locally.
Onset
From 15 minutes to 18 hours; liver failure can follow a day later even when the first blood tests were normal.
Clinical signs
Vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, hypoglycaemia, lactic acidosis, arrhythmias, hypotension, seizures, liver failure, acute kidney injury; at fatal doses pulmonary oedema and collapse.
Organs affected
Brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys.
Treatment principle (for veterinarians)
No specific protocol. Emesis promptly, in a well-ventilated area; dilute sodium bicarbonate in the stomach may reduce phosphine release; the value of activated charcoal is uncertain. Supportive care: glucose, fluids, acid-base correction, gastroprotectants.
In the reference: Omeprazole, Famotidine
A summary of the principles in the sources, not a protocol: doses and the plan are the treating veterinarian's decision.
Notes
Danger to staff: phosphine from vomit is toxic to people (a garlic or rotten-fish smell means a high concentration). Handle the vomit and the patient with precautions, in a ventilated room.
Sources
Professional reference for veterinary professionals. Not advertising and not a substitute for the product label/SPC.
For veterinary professionals only. It does not replace clinical judgement or the product label; check the dose in the official label (SPC). vetman is not liable for harm caused by using this information.
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This reference is still growing. Missing a product? Let us know. · Report an error or request an addition · Updated: 22 Oct 2026