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Medicines reference
Active substance

Chitosan

Phosphate binder. Not applicable (not a medicine). Forms: capsule, suspension.

Dose and use

Doses

We have no dose with a cited source for this substance yet.

Before use

Safety information

No sourced safety entry is currently shown. This does not mean the substance is risk-free.

Latin name
Chitosan
Georgian name
ქიტოზანი
Authorisation status
Complementary feed / supplement
Not a medicine and not required to be authorised as one - it is sold under feed law.
Registered in Georgia
0 of 2 forms
Products
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
All forms and registration2

Registration in Georgia and abroad: the register, number, validity and source are behind (i).

Pronefra, Suspension

oral suspension, 60 ml and 180 ml, complementary feed for adult dogs and cats
vetman assessment
vetman’s 10-point assessment brings together a product’s regulatory credibility, clinical efficacy, safety and practicality. Cost-effectiveness is assessed only when reliable data are available. It is informational and does not replace a veterinarian’s clinical judgment for an individual patient.
Dog Adjunctive enteric phosphate binding in adult dogs with CKD when dietary phosphate restriction alone is insufficient
7.1/10
Good
vetman assessment

Pronefra

oral suspension, 60 ml and 180 ml, complementary feed for adult dogs and cats
Assessed clinical scopeDog · Adjunctive enteric phosphate binding in adult dogs with CKD when dietary phosphate restriction alone is insufficient · By mouth
Care settingVeterinary-directed outpatient CKD management with serial phosphate and calcium monitoring
vetman score 7.1/10 Good
Evidence confidence: Medium Georgia: Not a medicine · Verified on 20 Oct 2026

A practical adjunctive phosphate binder with a transparent formula; use only when the patient needs binding and titrate against laboratory targets.

Regulatory and scientific credibility6.5/10

The current exact formula and species-specific dose are transparent, and its complementary-feed status is correctly documented; it is not a medicinal product and lacks a regulator-reviewed efficacy dossier.

Clinical efficacy6.5/10

Calcium carbonate is a guideline-recognised enteric phosphate binder, but benefit must be titrated to serum phosphate and independent outcome evidence for this exact multi-ingredient product is limited.

Safety and tolerability7.5/10

Sponsor-reported tolerance is generally good, but calcium-containing binders require calcium monitoring and the product should not be used as an unmonitored routine supplement.

Clinical practicality8.5/10

The oral suspension has clear weight-based dosing, is given twice daily with meals and has favourable acceptance data; shaking and accurate syringe measurement remain necessary.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • Use only when dietary phosphate restriction is insufficient; titrate to serum phosphate and monitor calcium.
  • Independent clinical outcome evidence for the exact four-component product is limited.
Assessment sources
Assessed: 21 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Cat Adjunctive enteric phosphate binding in adult cats with CKD when dietary phosphate restriction alone is insufficient
7.1/10
Good
vetman assessment

Pronefra

oral suspension, 60 ml and 180 ml, complementary feed for adult dogs and cats
Assessed clinical scopeCat · Adjunctive enteric phosphate binding in adult cats with CKD when dietary phosphate restriction alone is insufficient · By mouth
Care settingVeterinary-directed outpatient CKD management with serial phosphate and calcium monitoring
vetman score 7.1/10 Good
Evidence confidence: Medium Georgia: Not a medicine · Verified on 20 Oct 2026

A practical adjunctive phosphate binder with a transparent formula; use only when the patient needs binding and titrate against laboratory targets.

Regulatory and scientific credibility6.5/10

The current exact formula and species-specific dose are transparent, and its complementary-feed status is correctly documented; it is not a medicinal product and lacks a regulator-reviewed efficacy dossier.

Clinical efficacy6.5/10

Calcium carbonate is a guideline-recognised enteric phosphate binder, but benefit must be titrated to serum phosphate and independent outcome evidence for this exact multi-ingredient product is limited.

Safety and tolerability7.5/10

Sponsor-reported tolerance is generally good, but calcium-containing binders require calcium monitoring and the product should not be used as an unmonitored routine supplement.

Clinical practicality8.5/10

The oral suspension has clear weight-based dosing, is given twice daily with meals and has favourable acceptance data; shaking and accurate syringe measurement remain necessary.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

Price was not assessed and is excluded from the overall score.

Important safety and use flags

  • Use only when dietary phosphate restriction is insufficient; titrate to serum phosphate and monitor calcium.
  • Independent clinical outcome evidence for the exact four-component product is limited.
Assessment sources
Assessed: 21 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Composition / strength
Calcium Carbonate3.6 % Hydrolysed fish protein (marine oligopeptides)1.9 % Chitosan1 % Magnesium Carbonate1 %
Formulation Type
Suspension
Administration route
By mouth
Manufacturer
Virbac · France
Registration
Georgia Not a medicine
Not applicable (not a medicine)
In the register: პრონეფრა
Verified on: 20 Oct 2026
Controlled in Georgia
Unknown

Renalvet, Capsule

capsule, VetExpert
vetman assessment
vetman’s 10-point assessment brings together a product’s regulatory credibility, clinical efficacy, safety and practicality. Cost-effectiveness is assessed only when reliable data are available. It is informational and does not replace a veterinarian’s clinical judgment for an individual patient.
Dog Food-associated phosphate-binding adjunct for confirmed CKD hyperphosphataemia persisting above the stage target after an appropriate renal-diet trial
4.5/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Renalvet

capsule, VetExpert
Assessed clinical scopeDog · Food-associated phosphate-binding adjunct for confirmed CKD hyperphosphataemia persisting above the stage target after an appropriate renal-diet trial · By mouth
Care settingVeterinarian-directed outpatient adjunct with diagnosis-specific selection, exact-form administration and objective laboratory reassessment.
vetman score 4.5/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Medium Georgia: Not a medicine · Verified on 15 Oct 2026

A transparent phosphate-binder blend with plausible canine use but limited exact or canine outcome evidence; biochemical selection and titration are essential.

Regulatory and scientific credibility4.0/10

Exact current composition, pack, category and schedule are transparent, but no independent exact-product outcome or regulator-reviewed target-animal safety dossier was located.

Clinical efficacy4.0/10

Phosphate binding is clinically plausible, but canine evidence is mainly transferred from other calcium/chitosan mixtures and does not validate the exact capsule, fixed schedule or kidney-support claims beyond phosphorus control.

Safety and tolerability5.0/10

Calcium/chitosan products are used clinically, but exact adverse-event frequency is unknown. Hypercalcaemia, calcium-phosphate balance, vitamin-D load, appetite, GI tolerance and concurrent binders/supplements require monitoring.

Clinical practicality5.5/10

TWIST OFF dosing is workable, but larger dogs need multiple capsules and effective phosphate binding requires meal distribution plus serial biochemical titration rather than a fixed once-daily count.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

No verified current Georgian patient-adjusted course price or evidence-based exact-product duration is available, so cost is excluded.

Important safety and use flags

  • Complementary feed, not a medicine. Medicine-authorisation status is not applicable; category status is not evidence of efficacy or regulator-reviewed safety.
  • Use only for measured CKD hyperphosphataemia remaining above the stage target after an appropriate renal-diet trial. It is not generic kidney support, detoxification or disease reversal.
  • Give thoroughly mixed with food and reassess serum phosphate/calcium. A fixed capsule count does not replace stage-targeted titration or distribution across meals.
  • Avoid calcium-containing phosphate binding in hypercalcaemia. Review calcium-phosphate product, vitamin D and every diet, binder and supplement before use.
  • Use the intended TWIST OFF capsule by opening/squeezing it; do not substitute another capsule, estimate a partial content dose or assume formulation equivalence.
  • Monitor appetite and food intake: a binder that reduces renal-diet consumption can negate benefit. Reassess GI tolerance and separate or review potentially bound oral medicines.
  • No exact Renalvet dog/cat outcome, dose-ranging, phosphorus-balance or repeated-dose safety study was located; evidence from other mixtures is not proof of exact equivalence.
  • Review every concurrent medicine, diet and supplement for duplicated ingredients, binding, sedation, GI effects and disease-specific contraindications; exact interaction magnitude is unknown.
  • Recheck stage-appropriate serum phosphate and calcium after diet/binder changes and titrate or stop according to response; do not score success from creatinine or owner impression alone.
  • Exact safety in pregnancy, lactation, breeding animals, kittens/puppies and long-term severe renal, hepatic or multisystem disease is not established; use only after explicit individual benefit-risk review.
Assessment sources
Assessed: 23 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Cat Food-associated phosphate-binding adjunct for confirmed CKD hyperphosphataemia persisting above the stage target after an appropriate renal-diet trial
4.9/10
Weak evidence support
vetman assessment

Renalvet

capsule, VetExpert
Assessed clinical scopeCat · Food-associated phosphate-binding adjunct for confirmed CKD hyperphosphataemia persisting above the stage target after an appropriate renal-diet trial · By mouth
Care settingVeterinarian-directed outpatient adjunct with diagnosis-specific selection, exact-form administration and objective laboratory reassessment.
vetman score 4.9/10 Weak evidence support
Evidence confidence: Medium Georgia: Not a medicine · Verified on 15 Oct 2026

A transparent, practical calcium/chitosan binder whose class has feline support, but exact-product equivalence, fixed-dose adequacy and clinical outcomes remain uncertain; use only after diet and against measured phosphate/calcium.

Regulatory and scientific credibility4.0/10

Exact current composition, pack, category and schedule are transparent, but no independent exact-product outcome or regulator-reviewed target-animal safety dossier was located.

Clinical efficacy5.0/10

Current feline guidance and small class studies support calcium/chitosan phosphate binding after renal diet failure, but other formulations/doses and limited outcome data do not establish exact Renalvet or survival benefit.

Safety and tolerability5.0/10

Calcium/chitosan products are used clinically, but exact adverse-event frequency is unknown. Hypercalcaemia, calcium-phosphate balance, vitamin-D load, appetite, GI tolerance and concurrent binders/supplements require monitoring.

Clinical practicality6.0/10

One TWIST OFF capsule is easy to mix with food, but binder efficacy still requires all-meal exposure and serial phosphate/calcium titration; appetite effects matter in CKD.

Full-course cost-effectiveness-

No verified current Georgian patient-adjusted course price or evidence-based exact-product duration is available, so cost is excluded.

Important safety and use flags

  • Complementary feed, not a medicine. Medicine-authorisation status is not applicable; category status is not evidence of efficacy or regulator-reviewed safety.
  • Use only for measured CKD hyperphosphataemia remaining above the stage target after an appropriate renal-diet trial. It is not generic kidney support, detoxification or disease reversal.
  • Give thoroughly mixed with food and reassess serum phosphate/calcium. A fixed capsule count does not replace stage-targeted titration or distribution across meals.
  • Avoid calcium-containing phosphate binding in hypercalcaemia. Review calcium-phosphate product, vitamin D and every diet, binder and supplement before use.
  • Use the intended TWIST OFF capsule by opening/squeezing it; do not substitute another capsule, estimate a partial content dose or assume formulation equivalence.
  • Monitor appetite and food intake: a binder that reduces renal-diet consumption can negate benefit. Reassess GI tolerance and separate or review potentially bound oral medicines.
  • No exact Renalvet dog/cat outcome, dose-ranging, phosphorus-balance or repeated-dose safety study was located; evidence from other mixtures is not proof of exact equivalence.
  • Review every concurrent medicine, diet and supplement for duplicated ingredients, binding, sedation, GI effects and disease-specific contraindications; exact interaction magnitude is unknown.
  • Recheck stage-appropriate serum phosphate and calcium after diet/binder changes and titrate or stop according to response; do not score success from creatinine or owner impression alone.
  • Exact safety in pregnancy, lactation, breeding animals, kittens/puppies and long-term severe renal, hepatic or multisystem disease is not established; use only after explicit individual benefit-risk review.
Assessment sources
Assessed: 23 Oct 2026The overall score uses 25/25/25/15/10 weights. An unassessed price is excluded and the remaining weights are proportionally renormalised.
Composition / strength
Formulation Type
Capsule
Administration route
By mouth
Manufacturer
Registration
Georgia Not a medicine
Not applicable (not a medicine)
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
EU Not a medicine
Not applicable (not a medicine)
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
UK Not a medicine
Not applicable (not a medicine)
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
US Not a medicine
Not applicable (not a medicine)
Verified on: 15 Oct 2026
Controlled in Georgia
No
Checked against the narcotics law, Annex 1, lists I-IV, and Order No. 22/n.
Verified on: 16 Oct 2026
Information not fully verified Label schedule: cats and dogs up to 10 kg one TWIST OFF capsule daily; dogs over 10 kg one capsule/10 kg daily. For phosphate binding, give mixed with food and titrate only against serial serum phosphate/calcium after renal diet; the label unit is not a substitute for an IRIS-stage target.

All of this shows in vetman as you prescribe

The dose for the patient's weight, registration in Georgia and controlled status, right on the prescription.